identity matrixEnglishOxford New American Dictionaryidentity matrix /īˈden(t)ədē ˈmātriks, aɪˈdɛn(t)ədi ˈmeɪtrɪks/ ▸ noun Mathematics a square matrix in which all the elements of the principal diagonal are ones and all other elements are zeros. The effect of multiplying a given matrix by an identity matrix is to leave the given matrix unchanged.