English → Chinese
back
/BrE bak 
, AmE bæk /
A noun
1 (part of body) 背部;
he was lying on his back 他仰面而卧;
to travel on the back of a donkey 骑驴旅行;
to be at the back of sth 策划 ‹conspiracy, proposal›;
to do sth behind sb's back 背着某人做某事;
to break the back of sth 完成某事的主要部分;
we've broken the back of the problem 我们攻克了问题的难点;
to be (flat) on one's back literal 仰卧; figurative informal 卧病;
to be at sb's back 支持某人;
to be glad to see the back of sb/sth informal 庆幸终于摆脱某人／某事物;
to have one's back to sb/sth 背对着某人／某物;
to live off sb's back 靠剥削某人生活;
to put one's back into sth informal 全力以赴做某事;
to put or get sb's back up informal 惹恼某人;
to get off sb's back informal 不再烦扰某人;
to be on sb's back (to do sth) informal 纠缠某人（去做某事）;
to succeed on the back of sth 由于某事物获得成功;
to turn one's back on sb/sth literal 转身背对某人／某物; figurative 背弃某人／某事物
2 (human spine) 脊梁骨;
to put one's back out 闪腰
3 (spine of book) 书脊
4 (reverse side) 背面; (of head) 后脑勺;
the back of the knife/hand 刀背／手背;
to hang one's coat on the back of the door 把外套挂在门后;
the back of the fridge/house/shelves 冰箱背面／房子后墙／架子后挡板
6 (area behind building) 屋后;
to be out or British round the back 在屋后;
to be in the back or in back of the house US (in the garden) 在后花园; (in the yard) 在后院
7 (furthest reaches of cupboard, drawer, fridge) 深处; (of stage) 后部;
at the back of the audience 在观众席的后排;
at the very back 在最后;
to sit at or in the back of the bus 坐在公共汽车的后部;
the back of the throat/mouth 咽喉深处／口腔后部
8 (supporting part of chair, sofa) 靠背
9 Sport 后卫
10 (final pages of book, newspaper etc.) 最后几页;
at the back of the book/file 在书／文件的最后几页
B adjective attrib
1 (rear) 后面的;
the back pages of a book 书的最后几页
2 (remote, minor) 偏僻的 ‹alley›; (subsidiary) 辅助的
3 (backwards) 向后的;
a back pass to the goalkeeper 给守门员的回传球
C adverb
1 (indicating return after absence) 返回;
to be back (from school/work) （放学／下班）回来;
they arrived back from holiday 他们度完假回来了;
it's good to be back home 回到家真好
2 (fashionable again) 再次流行;
roller-skates are back (in fashion) 滑旱冰又流行起来了
3 (in return) 回报; (in reply) 回答;
to punch sb back 用拳头回击某人;
he didn't email me back 他没有给我回复电子邮件;
‘OK,’ he shouted back “可以，”他大声回答道
4 (backwards, in a reverse direction) 向后;
to glance/look back 向后扫视／看
5 (away) 有距离;
back from sb/sth; 离开某人／某物;
back! 退后！;
he moved back from the edge of the cliff 他从悬崖边向后退
6 (ago) 以前; (a long time ago) 久远地;
a week/five minutes back 一周／五分钟以前;
back in the days when … 早在…的时候;
way back in the winter 远在冬天的时候;
as far back as last year/1985 早在去年／1985年
7 (once again) 回到原状;
she's back in power 她再次掌权;
Paul is back at the wheel 保罗又开起车来了
8 (earlier in book or journey) 在前面;
several pages/ten lines back 前几页／十行;
we overtook him 20 km back 在前面20公里处我们就超过了他
9 (indicating return to sb's possession) 归还;
I have my books back now 我那些书还回来了;
I want my money back 我想要回我的钱
10 (indicating return to proper position) 回原处; (expressing return to a former location) 回原地;
is everything back where it belongs? 所有的东西都放回原处了吗？;
the journey to Madrid and back 往返马德里的旅程
11 (in a different location) 在别处; (at earlier location) 在原处;
back in the studio, recording had begun 而在录音室，录制工作已经开始;
the folks back home are counting on him 老家的父母都指望着他;
I'll see you back at the house/in the office 我还在那幢房子／那间办公室见你
D back and forth
adverb phrase
反复往返;
to go or travel back and forth (between …) 往返（于…之间）;
to swing back and forth «pendulum» 来回摆动;
the film cuts or moves back and forth between New York and Paris 电影画面在纽约和巴黎两地之间切换
E transitive verb
1 (support) 支持;
the strike is backed by the union 罢工得到了工会的支持
2 (finance) 资助 ‹project, enterprise, undertaking›
3 (substantiate) 证实;
to back an argument/a claim with … 通过…证实论点／说法
4 (reverse) 使倒退;
to back the car into the garage 把汽车倒进车库;
to back sb into/against sth; 使某人退入某处／退到某物前;
she backed him into the corner 她把他逼进了角落
5 (bet on) 下赌注于 ‹horse, favourite team›;
to back the wrong horse literal 赛马中下错赌注; figurative 支持失败的一方;
to back a loser/winner «racegoer» 赌错／赌对了马; «investor» 投资失误／成功; «supporter» 支持失败者／成功者
6 (stiffen) 在…背后加固; (line) 为…加衬里;
to back sth with sth (reinforce for strength) 用某物给…加背衬 ‹book, fabric›; 用某物裱糊 ‹map, painting›
7 (accompany with music) 为…伴奏; (sing in accompaniment) 为…伴唱
8 British (have sth to the rear) 位于…的后面;
to be backed by sth; 后面是某物;
the house is backed by fields 房屋的后面是田野
F intransitive verb
1 (reverse) 倒退
2 Nautical «wind» 逆时针转向
Phrasal verbs
● back away
intransitive verb
1 (move backwards) 退后;
to back away from sb/sth; 退避
2 (steer clear) 退缩;
to back away from sth; 回避 ‹problem, confrontation›
● back down
A intransitive verb
放弃;
to back down from sth; 放弃 ‹fight›;
to back down on or over sth; 取消 ‹sanctions, allegations›
B transitive verb [back down sth]
1 (go down backwards) 沿…退下 ‹slope›
2 (go along backwards) 沿…返回 ‹road, drive›
● back in
A intransitive verb
(go in backwards) 退进;
the car backed in 汽车倒了进来
B transitive verb
[back sth in, back in sth] (put in backwards) 把…倒进来 ‹car›; 使…退进来 ‹horse›
● back off
intransitive verb
1 (move away) 走开
2 (give way) 放弃;
to back off over sth; 在…上让步 ‹issue, matter›;
to back off from a reform 放弃改革
● back on to:
transitive verb
[back on to sth] «house» 背向 ‹fields, railway›
● back out
A intransitive verb
1 (go out backwards) 退出;
to back out of; «person, horse» 从…中退出 ‹room›; «driver, car» 从…中倒出 ‹parking space›
2 (withdraw) «competitor, team» 退出;
to back out of; 退出 ‹event, deal›
B transitive verb
[back sth out, back out sth] «driver» 把…倒出 ‹car›; «rider» 使…退出 ‹horse›;
to back sth out of sth; 使某物从某处中退出
● back up
A intransitive verb
1 (go backwards) «person, horse» 后退; «driver» 倒车; «car» 向后倒;
to back up a few yards 后退几码
2 Computing 备份
3 (accumulate) «water» 聚集
4 (become blocked) «drains» 堵塞
5 (tail back) «traffic» 拥塞
B [backsth up, back up sth]
transitive verb
1 (support) «facts, evidence» 证实 ‹claim, case, theory›;
to back sth up with sth; 通过某事物来支持某事物;
to back up demands with threats 威胁着要满足要求
2 (make go backwards) «driver» 倒 ‹car›; «rider» 使…后退 ‹horse›
3 Computing 备份 ‹data, file›
4 (cause to tail back) 阻塞 ‹traffic›
C [back sb up, back up sb]
transitive verb
支持 ‹person›